Etymology : Middle English, bowl, scale of a balance, from Old Norse skAl; akin to Old Norse skel shell; more at SHELL
Pronunciation : skA(&)l
Function : noun
Date : 14th century
1. progression of steps; table of graduated rates; system of marks used for measuring; flake; one of many thin plates forming a protective covering; weighing device; limescale. climb; ascend; weigh; do according to a particular ratio; remove flakes or scales; become covered in limescale; change the size of something; adjust the size of a picture, resize a picture (Computers). scale\scale\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. scaled ; p. pr. & vb. n. scaling.] to weigh or measure according to a scale; to measure; also, to grade or vary according to a scale or system. scaling his present bearing with his past.
2. The dish of a balance; hence, the balance itself; an instrument or machine for weighing; as, to turn the scale; chiefly used in the plural when applied to the whole instrument or apparatus for weighing.
3. Also used figuratively.
4. The sign or constellation Libra.
5. To weigh or measure according to a scale; to measure; also, to grade or vary according to a scale or system.
6. One of the small, thin, membranous, bony or horny pieces which form the covering of many fishes and reptiles, and some mammals, belonging to the dermal part of the skeleton, or dermoskeleton.
7. See Cycloid, Ctenoid, and Ganoid.
8. Hence, any layer or leaf of metal or other material, resembling in size and thinness the scale of a fish; as, a scale of iron, of bone, etc.
9. One of the small scalelike structures covering parts of some invertebrates, as those on the wings of Lepidoptera and on the body of Thysanura; the elytra of certain annelids.
10. See Lepidoptera.
11. A scale insect. A small appendage like a rudimentary leaf, resembling the scales of a fish in form, and often in arrangement; as, the scale of a bud, of a pine cone, and the like.
12. The name is also given to the chaff on the stems of ferns.
13. The thin metallic side plate of the handle of a pocketknife.
14. See Illust. of Pocketknife.
15. An incrustation deposit on the inside of a vessel in which water is heated, as a steam boiler.
16. The thin oxide which forms on the surface of iron forgings.
17. It consists essentially of the magnetic oxide, Fe3O4.
18. Also, a similar coating upon other metals.
19. To strip or clear of scale or scales; as, to scale a fish; to scale the inside of a boiler.
20. To take off in thin layers or scales, as tartar from the teeth; to pare off, as a surface.
21. To scatter; to spread.
22. To clean, as the inside of a cannon, by the explosion of a small quantity of powder.
23. To separate and come off in thin layers or laminæ; as, some sandstone scales by exposure.
24. To separate; to scatter.
25. A ladder; a series of steps; a means of ascending.
26. Hence, anything graduated, especially when employed as a measure or rule, or marked by lines at regular intervals.
27. A mathematical instrument, consisting of a slip of wood, ivory, or metal, with one or more sets of spaces graduated and numbered on its surface, for measuring or laying off distances, etc., as in drawing, plotting, and the like.
28. See Gunter's scale.
29. A series of spaces marked by lines, and representing proportionately larger distances; as, a scale of miles, yards, feet, etc., for a map or plan.
30. A basis for a numeral system; as, the decimal scale; the binary scale, etc.
31. The graduated series of all the tones, ascending or descending, from the keynote to its octave; called also the gamut.
32. It may be repeated through any number of octaves.
33. See Chromatic scale, Diatonic scale, Major scale, and Minor scale, under Chromatic, Diatonic, Major, and Minor.
34. Gradation; succession of ascending and descending steps and degrees; progressive series; scheme of comparative rank or order; as, a scale of being.
35. Relative dimensions, without difference in proportion of parts; size or degree of the parts or components in any complex thing, compared with other like things; especially, the relative proportion of the linear dimensions of the parts of a drawing, map, model, etc., to the dimensions of the corresponding parts of the object that is represented; as, a map on a scale of an inch to a mile.
36. To climb by a ladder, or as if by a ladder; to ascend by steps or by climbing; to clamber up; as, to scale the wall of a fort.
37. To lead up by steps; to ascend. a flattened rigid plate forming part of the body covering of many animals an indicator having a graduated sequence of marks a measuring instrument for weighing; shows amount of mass a series of notes differing in pitch according to a specific scheme a thin flake of dead epidermis shed from the surface of the skin a specialized leaf or bract that protects a bud or catkin relative magnitude; "they entertained on a grand scale" the ratio between the size of something and a representation of it; "the scale of the map"; "the scale of the model" an ordered reference standard; "judging on a scale of 1 to 10" size or measure according to a scale; "This model must be scaled down" measure with or as if with scales; "scale the gold" remove the scales from; "scale fish" pattern, make, regulate, set, measure, or estimate according to some rate or standard climb up by means of a ladder reach the highest point of; "We scaled the Mont Blanc" take by attacking with scaling ladders; "The troops scaled the walls of the fort" measure by or as if by a scale; "This bike scales only 25 pounds".
38. 1. If you refer to the scale of something, you are referring to its size or extent, especially when it is very big. However, he underestimates the scale of the problem The break-down of law and order could result in killing on a massive scale see also:
full-scale, large-scale, small-scale.
39. A scale is a set of levels or numbers which are used in a particular system of measuring things or are used when comparing things. an earthquake measuring five-point-five on the Richter scale The higher up the social scale they are, the more the men have to lose. see also:
sliding scale, timescale.
40. A pay scale or scale of fees is a list that shows how much someone should be paid, depending, for example, on their age or what work they do. those on the high end of the pay scale.
41. The scale of a map, plan, or model is the relationship between the size of something in the map, plan, or model and its size in the real world. The map, on a scale of 1:10,000, shows over 5,000 individual paths. see also:
full-scale, large-scale.
42. A scale model or scale replica of a building or object is a model of it which is smaller than the real thing but has all the same parts and features. Franklin made his mother an intricately detailed scale model of the house.
43. In music, a scale is a fixed sequence of musical notes, each one higher than the next, which begins at a particular note. the scale of C major.
44. The scales of a fish or reptile are the small, flat pieces of hard skin that cover its body.
45. Scales are a piece of equipment used for weighing things, for example for weighing amounts of food that you need in order to make a particular meal. a pair of kitchen scales. bathroom scales.
46. If you scale something such as a mountain or a wall, you climb up it or over it. Rebecca Stephens, the first British woman to scale Everest = climb.
47. If something is out of scale with the things near it, it is too big or too small in relation to them. The tower was surmounted by an enormous statue, utterly out of scale with the building.
48. If the different parts of a map, drawing, or model are to scale, they are the right size in relation to each other. a miniature garden, with little pagodas and bridges all to scale. In music, primary pitches of a key or mode arranged within an octave. Scales are distinguished by the pattern of the intervals between adjacent notes. A scale can be seen as an abstraction from melody that is, the pitches of a melody arranged in stepwise order. cottony cushion scale Richter scale San Jose scale scale insect.
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