Etymology : Middle English, from Old English rOt, from Old Norse; akin to Old English wyrt root, Latin radix, Greek rhiza
Pronunciation : rüt, rut
Function : noun
Date : 12th century
1. part of a plant growing underground which anchors the plant and absorbs water and nutrients; part which anchors; source, origin; base, fundamental part; number that multiplied by itself yields a given number (Mathematics). plant, cause to develop roots; dig in the ground with the snout; fix in place, spellbind; cheer, encourage. root\root\, v. t. to turn up or to dig out with the snout; as, the swine roots the earth.root \root\, n. [icel. rōt (for vrōt); akin to e. wort, and perhaps to root to turn up the earth. see:
wort.].
2. (bot.) (a) the underground portion of a plant, whether a true root or a tuber, a bulb or rootstock, as in the potato, the onion, or the sweet flag. (b) the descending, and commonly branching, axis of a plant, increasing in length by growth at its extremity only, not divided into joints, leafless and without buds, and having for its offices to fix the plant in the earth, to supply it with moisture and soluble matters, and sometimes to serve as a reservoir of nutriment for future growth. a true root, however, may never reach the ground, but may be attached to a wall, etc., as in the ivy, or may hang loosely in the air, as in some epiphytic orchids.
3. an edible or esculent root, especially of such plants as produce a single root, as the beet, carrot, etc.; as, the root crop.
4. that which resembles a root in position or function, esp. as a source of nourishment or support; that from which anything proceeds as if by growth or development; as, the root of a tooth, a nail, a cancer, and the like. specifically: (a) an ancestor or progenitor; and hence, an early race; a stem. they were the roots out of which sprang two distinct people. (b) a primitive form of speech; one of the earliest terms employed in language; a word from which other words are formed; a radix, or radical. (c) the cause or occasion by which anything is brought about; the source. "she herself is root of bounty." the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. vi. 10 (rev. ver.) (d) (math.) that factor of a quantity which when multiplied into itself will produce that quantity; thus, 3 is a root of 9, because 3 multiplied into itself produces 9; 3 is the cube root of.
5. (e) (mus.) the fundamental tone of any chord; the tone from whose harmonics, or overtones, a chord is composed. (f) the lowest place, position, or part. "deep to the roots of hell." "the roots of the mountains.".
6. (astrol.) the time which to reckon in making calculations. when a root is of a birth yknowe [known].
7. To turn up the earth with the snout, as swine.
8. Hence, to seek for favor or advancement by low arts or groveling servility; to fawn servilely.
9. To turn up or to dig out with the snout; as, the swine roots the earth.
10. The underground portion of a plant, whether a true root or a tuber, a bulb or rootstock, as in the potato, the onion, or the sweet flag.
11. The descending, and commonly branching, axis of a plant, increasing in length by growth at its extremity only, not divided into joints, leafless and without buds, and having for its offices to fix the plant in the earth, to supply it with moisture and soluble matters, and sometimes to serve as a reservoir of nutriment for future growth.
12. A true root, however, may never reach the ground, but may be attached to a wall, etc., as in the ivy, or may hang loosely in the air, as in some epiphytic orchids.
13. An edible or esculent root, especially of such plants as produce a single root, as the beet, carrot, etc.; as, the root crop.
14. That which resembles a root in position or function, esp. as a source of nourishment or support; that from which anything proceeds as if by growth or development; as, the root of a tooth, a nail, a cancer, and the like.
15. An ancestor or progenitor; and hence, an early race; a stem.
16. A primitive form of speech; one of the earliest terms employed in language; a word from which other words are formed; a radix, or radical.
17. The cause or occasion by which anything is brought about; the source.
18. That factor of a quantity which when multiplied into itself will produce that quantity; thus, 3 is a root of 9, because 3 multiplied into itself produces 9; 3 is the cube root of 27.
19. The fundamental tone of any chord; the tone from whose harmonics, or overtones, a chord is composed.
20. The lowest place, position, or part.
21. The time which to reckon in making calculations.
22. To fix the root; to enter the earth, as roots; to take root and begin to grow.
23. To be firmly fixed; to be established.
24. To plant and fix deeply in the earth, or as in the earth; to implant firmly; hence, to make deep or radical; to establish; used chiefly in the participle; as, rooted trees or forests; rooted dislike.
25. To tear up by the root; to eradicate; to extirpate; with up, out, or away.
26. To shout for, or otherwise noisly applaud or encourage, a contestant, as in sports; hence, to wish earnestly for the success of some one or the happening of some event, with the superstitious notion that this action may have efficacy; usually with for; as, the crowd rooted for the home team. the part of a tooth that is embedded in the jaw and serves as support the form of a word after all affixes are removed; "thematic vowels are part of the stem" the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground a number that when multiplied by itself some number of times equals a given number take root and begin to grow; "this plant roots quickly" cause to take roots plant by the roots come into existence, originate; "The problem roots in her depression".
27. 1. The roots of a plant are the parts of it that grow under the ground. the twisted roots of an apple tree.
28. If you root a plant or cutting or if it roots, roots form on the bottom of its stem and it starts to grow. Most plants will root in about six to eight weeks Root the cuttings in a heated propagator.
29. Root vegetables or root crops are grown for their roots which are large and can be eaten. root crops such as carrots and potatoes.
30. The root of a hair or tooth is the part of it that is underneath the skin. decay around the roots of teeth.
31. You can refer to the place or culture that a person or their family comes from as their roots. I am proud of my Brazilian roots.
32. You can refer to the cause of a problem or of an unpleasant situation as the root of it or the roots of it. We got to the root of the problem.
33. The root of a word is the part that contains its meaning and to which other parts can be added. The word `secretary' comes from the same Latin root as the word `secret'.
34. If you root through or in something, you search for something by moving other things around. She rooted through the bag, found what she wanted, and headed toward the door = rummage see also:
rooted, cube root, grass roots, square root.
35. If something has been completely changed or destroyed, you can say that it has been changed or destroyed root and branch. The forces of National Socialism were transforming Germany root and branch Some prison practices are in need of root and branch reform.
36. If someone puts down roots, they make a place their home, for example by taking part in activities there or by making a lot of friends there. When they got to Montana, they put down roots and built a life. = settle down.
37. If an idea, belief, or custom takes root, it becomes established among a group of people. Time would be needed for democracy to take root. American architect whose designs include the Monadnock Building (1889-1891) in Chicago, which employed steel beams along with traditional masonry-bearings walls. In botany, the underground anchoring part of a plant. It grows downward in response to gravity, absorbs water and dissolved minerals, and stores reserve food. Primary root systems have a deep sturdy taproot (in gymnosperms and dicots; see:
cotyledon) plus secondary or lateral smaller roots, and root hairs. Grasses and other monocots produce a shallow diffuse mass of fibrous secondary roots. Additional support (e.g., in corn and orchids) comes from stem offshoots called adventitious, or prop, roots. Fleshy roots that store food may be modified taproots (e.g., carrots, turnips, and beets) or modified adventitious roots (e.g. cassava). Tubers such as the potato are modified, fleshy, underground stems, or rhizomes. Aerial roots arise from the stem and either pass for some distance through the air before reaching the soil or remain hanging in the air.
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