Etymology : New Latin, from Greek phOsphoros light-bearing; more at PHOSPHOR
Pronunciation : 'fäs-f(&-)r&s
Function : noun
Date : 1645
1. nonmetallic chemical element. phosphorus\phos"phor*us\ , n.; pl. phosphori (#). [l., the morning star, gr. , lit., light bringer; light + to bring.].
2. the morning star; phosphor.
3. (chem.) a poisonous nonmetallic element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish, translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable smell. it is very active chemically, must be preserved under water, and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint glow, -- whence its name. it always occurs compined, usually in phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc. it is used in the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for many other purposes. the molecule contains four atoms. symbol p. atomic weight 31.
4. 3. (chem.) hence, any substance which shines in the dark like phosphorus, as certain phosphorescent bodies.
5. The morning star; Phosphor.
6. A poisonous nonmetallic element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish, translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable smell.
7. It is very active chemically, must be preserved under water, and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint glow, whence its name.
8. It always occurs compined, usually in phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc.
9. It is used in the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for many other purposes.
10. The molecule contains four atoms.
11. Symbol P.
12. Atomic weight 31.0.
13. Hence, any substance which shines in the dark like phosphorus, as certain phosphorescent bodies. a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms.
14. Phosphorus is a poisonous yellowish-white chemical element. It glows slightly, and burns when air touches it. a poisonous yellowish chemical substance that starts to burn when it is in the air, and shines in the dark. It is a chemical element : symbol P (phosphoros ). Nonmetallic chemical element, chemical symbol P, atomic number.
15. The ordinary allotrope, called white phosphorus, is a poisonous, colourless, semitransparent, soft, waxy solid that glows in the dark (see:
phosphorescence) and combusts spontaneously in air, producing dense white fumes of the oxide P4O10; it is used as a rodenticide and a military smokescreen. Heat or sunlight converts it to the red phosphorus allotrope, a violet-red powder that does not phosphoresce or ignite spontaneously. Much less reactive and soluble than white phosphorus, it is used in manufacturing other phosphorus compounds and in semiconductors, fertilizers, safety matches, and fireworks. Black phosphorus, made by heating the white form under pressure, is flaky like graphite. Phosphorus seldom occurs uncombined in nature. As the phosphate ion, it is abundant and widely distributed, in apatite, phosphorite, and many other minerals. Phosphorus has valence 3 or 5 in compounds, which have many uses in industry. Phosphine (PH3) is a chemical raw material and a doping agent (deliberately added impurity) for solid-state electronics components. Organic phosphorus compounds are used as plasticizers, gasoline additives, insecticides (e.g., parathion), and nerve gases. In living organisms the role of phosphorus is essential; it is a component of DNA and RNA, ATP, and bone.
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