Etymology : Middle English, from Old English beorc; akin to Old High German birka birch, Old English beorht bright, and probably to Latin fraxinus ash tree; more at BRIGHT
Pronunciation : 'b&rch
Function : noun
Date : before 12th century
1. type of tree; bundle of birch twigs used for whipping. whip with a birch rod. birch\birch\ (b&etilde;rch), n.; pl. birches (-&ebreve;z). [oe. birche, birk, as. birce, beorc; akin to icel. bj?rk, sw. bj?rk, dan. birk, d. berk, ohg. piricha, mhg. birche, birke, g. birke, russ. bereza, pol. brzoza, serv. breza, skr. bhūrja. ?254. cf. 1st birk.].
2. a tree of several species, constituting the genus betula; as, the white or common birch (b. alba) (also called silver birch and lady birch); the dwarf birch (b. glandulosa); the paper or canoe birch (b. papyracea); the yellow birch (b. lutea); the black or cherry birch (b. lenta).
3. the wood or timber of the birch.
4. a birch twig or birch twigs, used for flogging.note: the twigs of the common european birch (b. alba), being tough and slender, were formerly much used for rods in schools. they were also made into brooms. the threatening twigs of birch.
5. a birch-bark canoe.birch of jamaica, a species (bursera gummifera) of turpentine tree.birch partridge. (zo?l.) see:
ruffed grouse.birch wine, wine made of the spring sap of the birch.
6. A tree of several species, constituting the genus Betula; as, the white or common birch ; the dwarf birch ; the paper or canoe birch ; the yellow birch ; the black or cherry birch.
7. The wood or timber of the birch.
8. A birch twig or birch twigs, used for flogging.
9. A birch-bark canoe.
10. Of or pertaining to the birch; birchen.
11. To whip with a birch rod or twig; to flog. bundle of birch twigs used to hit people as punishment any betulaceous tree or shrub of the genus Betula having a thin peeling bark hard close-grained wood of any of various birch trees; used especially in furniture and interior finishes and plywood whip with a birch twig consisting of or made of wood of the birch tree.
12. A birch is a type of tall tree with thin branches. to hit someone with a birch sticks as an official punishment. Any of about 40 species of short-lived ornamental and timber trees and shrubs of the genus Betula, the largest genus of the family Betulaceae, which also contains alders, filberts, Carpinus (hornbeam), and the genera Ostrya and Ostryopsis. Birches are found throughout cool regions of the Northern Hemisphere; other members of the family Betulaceae are found in temperate and subarctic areas of the Northern Hemisphere, in tropical mountains, and in South America through the Andes as far south as Argentina. Leaves are simple, serrate, and alternate; male and female flowers (catkins) are borne on the same plant. The fruit is a small nut or short-winged samara (dry, winged fruit). Birches produce economically important timber. Oil obtained from birch twigs smells and tastes like wintergreen and is used in tanning Russian leather (see:
tanning).